EMBAR

Author:
Adegboyega G.J., Ocholi E.F., Adikwu V.O
Department of Guidance and Counseling, University of Abuja

DOI: doi.org/10.58924/rjhss.v5.iss1.p3

Published Date: 12-Dec, 2026

Keywords: Prevalence, Consequences, Perception, Sexual Phenomenon, Teachers, Students, Parents

Abstract:
This study investigated the prevalence and consequences of sexual phenomena as perceived by teachers, students, and parents in North-Central Nigeria, with implications for counselling. Four research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. From a population of 18,833 teachers, 215,524 students, and 215,524 parents, a sample of 375 teachers (m=193, f=182), 384 students (m=201, f=183), and 384 parents (m=194, f=190) was selected across Plateau, Kwara, and Niger States using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using the Prevalence, Perception, and Consequences of Sexual Phenomenon in Schools Questionnaire (PPCSPSQ) and the Prevalence, Perception, and Consequences of Sexual Phenomenon in Families Questionnaire (PPCSPFQ). Reliability, established through test-retest, yielded indices of 0.71 and 0.74, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used; mean ratings and standard deviations addressed the research questions, while independent t-tests tested the null hypotheses at 0.05 alpha. Findings indicated that teachers perceived sexual phenomena as fairly prevalent, while students and parents perceived them as prevalent in schools and at home, respectively. Teachers, students, and parents also perceived sexual phenomena as having varied and negative consequences. It is recommended that school principals collaborate with Parent Teacher Associations and guidance counsellors to establish counselling units to provide guided sex education, support students with sex-related challenges, and assist victims of institutional-based sexual violence

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